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Protection on Power Systems

Protection on Power Systems

Yogyakarta | 26-29 March 2012 | IDR 7.000,000.00 per participant
Yogyakarta | 09-12 July 2012 | IDR 7.000,000.00 per participant
Yogyakarta | 10-13 December 2012 | IDR 7.000,000.00 per participant

 

DESCRIPTION

Circuit breakers, fused switches and switchgear in the form of motor Control Centres (MCC) are necessary system items for the electrical control of electrical plant. The safe use of these devices and associated equipment requires correct initial selection, operation and maintenance. It is also necessary to have a detailed understanding of how these devices should be installed, the local substation and system ratings, and how the various breakers operate, in order to enable accurate troubleshooting and subsequent repair. Safe Operation & Maintenance of Circuit Breakers and Switchgear will equip participants with new or refreshed skills to ensure that circuit breakers and switchgear are installed, operated safely and maintained in a fashion that ensures safe and stable operation. Also they will be able to identified faults and ensure the underlying causes are identified to reduce possible further failures

OBJECTIVE

  • Understanding of the operational characteristics of circuit breakers and switchgear.
  • Understanding of troubleshooting procedures, as applied to circuit breakers and associated switchgear.
  • Improved capability in the use of test equipment.
  • Better understanding of failure modes and failure analysis as applied to fuses, circuit breakers and switchgear. In relation to air break, vacuum and SF6 devices.
  • Refreshed awareness of electrical safety concerns within substations and control centres.
  • Ability to determine fault levels in substations.

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

  • Electrical Engineers
  • Electrical Supervisors and
  • Senior Electrical Technicians engaged in the operation, maintenance and troubleshooting, of circuit breakers, interruptive devices and switchgear control centres.

SUMMARY OUTLINE

1.      Generator Basic Concepts

  • Prime Movers & Excitation Systems
  • Synchronous & Induction Machines
  • Reactance Dynamics During Faults
  • Advanced Applications of Multifunctional Digital

2.      Generator Protection

  • Upgrading Generator Protection Using Digital Technology

3.      Generator Protection Upgrade Tutorial

  •  Review of Grounding Techniques
  •  Types of Generator Connections
  • Latest Generator Protection Developments Reflected in IEEE Guides
  • Negative Sequence Protection Down to Continuous Rating
  • 100% Stator Ground Fault – Third Harmonic vs.Injection Method
  • Field Ground Fault & Brush Lift-off Detection with Injection Method
  • Split-Phase Differential with Turn-to-Turn Fault Detection
  • Overexcitation Function with Inverse Time and Integrating Reset Characteristics
  • Low Directional Power Sensitivity Requirements for Sequential Tripping
  • Distance Element Enhancements – Load Encroachment Blinding, Power Swing Blocking
  • Out-of-Step Protection – Single Blinder Method, Power Transfer & System Instability
  • Loss of Field – Element Design to Match Machine Capability Curves and Ride Through System Swings with Voltage Supervision for Fast Trip Release
  • Abnormal Frequency
  • Four-Step Frequency Detection – To Coordinate with System Load Shed Schemes
  • Rate of Change of Frequency Tripping
  • Six-Band Under Frequency Accumulator, Alarm and Trip
  • Protection Against External Device Failure
  • Operating, Commissioning and Analysis Tools

4.      Fault Fundamentals

  • Fault Types
  • Symmetrical Components
  • Short-Circuit Calculations

5.      Generator Protection Calculations & Settings
6.      Blackout Avoidance & Load Shedding

  • Why Voltage Collapse is the Root Cause of Most Recent System Blackouts
  •  Effects of Low Voltage Operation on Generators & Generator Protection
  • Modern AVR Generator Controls & Their Role During System Disturbances
  • Three Generator Instability Conditions That Occur During Major Disturbances & How They Relate to Generator Protection
  • Coordination of Generator Protection with AVR Control, Stability Limits & Generator Capability
  • Coordination of Impedance (21) & Overcurrent (51V) Generator Backup Relays with Transmission System Protection – Safe Loadability Margins & Out-of-Step

7.      Transformer Protection Fundamentals

  • Modes of Transformer Failure
  • Types of Protection
  • Mechanical Protection
  • Electrical Protection
  • Overcurrent Protection
  • Overexcitation
  •  Overvoltage
  • Phase & Ground Differential
  •  Unique Factors for Differential Protection
  • Differential Protection Basics
  • Current Magnitude Differences
  • Phasor Differences Due to Transformer Connections
  • In-Rush Phenomena & Effect on Differential Protection
  • CT Saturation & its Effect on Differential Protection
  •  Overexcitation & its Effect on Differential Protection
  • Use of a Ground Differential Element for Sensitive Ground Fault Protection
  • Use of Directional Criteria for Additional Security

8.      Power Transformer Protection

  • Special Concerns
  • Switch On to Fault
  •  Through-Fault Accumulation & Alarm

9.      Back-up Protection

  •  Commissioning of Transformer Differential
  • Protection Systems
  • Phasing Issues
  •  Polarity Issues
  •  Injection Testing
  • Load Testing
  • Tools for Commissioning – Examples of Proper & Improper Connections
  • Advanced Metering Analysis
  • Phasor Display Analysis
  • Oscillography Uses During Commissioning

10.  Digital Transformer Protection System Setup

  •  Setting a Relay
  • Configure A Relay for the Application
  • Element Enabling
  •  Element Setting
  •  Setting Groups
  • Input / Output Matrix
  • Programmable Logic
  • Setpoint Summary
  • Input / Output Review & Printout
  • Settings Upload/Download

11.  Transformer Protection Calculations & Settings –Differential Elements

  • Transformer Protection Calculations & Settings –Overcurrent Elements
  • Application & Commissioning of Transformer Relays
  •  How to Set Restraint to Accommodate Energizing, Recovery & Sympathy Inrush Scenarios
  • High–Speed Clearing Techniques for Low Level Transformer Ground Faults
  • How Overexcitation Occurs on T&D Transformers – Recent In-Service Events
  • Protecting Power Plant Auxiliary and Customer Transformers
  • Where Ground Current is Limited Through the Use of Neutral Grounding Resistors.
  •  Commissioning of Digital Transformer Relays – The Use,
  • The Internal Digital Relay Metering and Graphics to Speed Up Commission Testing
  • Introduction to Digital Oscillography
  • NERC Requirements for Disturbance Recording

12.  Update on DG Interconnection Protection-IEEE 1547

  • What is DG & Why is it so Popular?
  • Type of DG Generators: Synchronous, Inductive, Asynchronous (Micro Turbine & Fuel Cells)
  • Interconnection Relay Basics
  •  Interconnect vs. Generator Protection
  •  Influence of PURPA (Public Utility Regulator Policies Act).
  • Current State of DG Rules and Regulations—What Do They Say?
  •  IEEE 1547-An Attempt at a National Guideline
  •  California Rule 21
  • Texas State Guidelines
  • New York State Guidelines
  •  Example of Utility Guidelines
  •  Relay Approval List Certification Process
  •  Generation That Sells Power Back to the Utility
  •  Peak-Shaving & Load-Following Applications
  • Impact of Interconnection Transformer Connections
  • Analysis of Five Major Transformer Connections
  • Transient Overvoltage Caused by DG
  • Generator Grounding.
  • Effects of DG on Utility Feeder Protection
  •  Loss of Coordination
  • Transient Overvoltages

13.  DG Interconnection Protection

  • Dispersed Generator Interconnection Protection Areas
  •  Detection of Loss of Parallel Operation with Utility
  •  Fault Back-Feed Detection
  • Detection of Damaging System Conditions
  • Abnormal Power Flow
  • Restoration
  • Detection Method for Loss of Parallel Operation
  • Voltage and Frequency “Windowing”
  •  California Rule 21, Reverse Power
  •  Transfer Trip Applications—When and Why
  • DG Support During System Disturbances
  • Tripping, Automatic Restoration & Automatic Reclosing on the Utility System
  • Tripping of Generator or Main Incoming Breaker to Separate from the Utility System – How to Decide
  • Auto-Restoration Strategies
  • Utility Auto Reclosing—How to Protect Your Generator Auto Synchronizing Considerations & Methods

14.  Motor Bus Transfer Tutorial

  • Why Transfer Motor Load?
  • Typical Applications
  • Conditions Across Normally Open Startup or Bus Tie
  • Breaker – Before/During Transfer
  • Transient Effects Upon Motor Load Disconnect
  • Motor & Load Characteristic Effects on MBT
  • Resultant V/Hz Limits (ANSI C50.41-2000)
  • MBT Classification – Open transition, Closed Transition
  • MBT Methods: Fast, In-Phase, Residual Voltage, Fixed Time
  • MBT Modes: Sequential, Simultaneous
  • MBT Means To Initiate
  • Load Shed During Transfer
  • Lockouts Required
  • Effects of Synchronizing Errors
  • Synchronizing System Components
  • Classical Synchronizing Scheme
  • Manually-Supervised Automatic Synchronizing
  • Fail-Safe Analysis
  • Testing Provisions
  • Backup Path Philosophy
  • Matching Machine to System Prior to Synchronizing
  • Conventional Method
  • Pulse-Width-Modulated Proportional Method
  •  Field Test Results
  • Bus Transfer Acceptance Testing
  • Determining Applicability to a Project
  • Case Study – Application, Ringdown (Spindown) Analysis, Settings & Calculations
  • Oscillography, Commissioning, Operating Data
  • Case Study – Combined Cycle Power Plant
  • Equipment Requirements

COURSE SPEAKER

Teguh Santoso, Ir
Teguh Santoso experienced more than 26 years in Electrical.

COURSE METHODE

  • Presentation
  • Discuss
  • Case Study
  • Evaluation
  • Simulation

TIME & VENUE

  • Yogyakarta,
  • 26-29 March 2012
  • 09-12 July 2012
  • 10-13 December 2012
  • 4 days – 08 am – 04 pm

COURSE FEE

IDR 7.000,000.00 per participant non residential

FACILITY

  • Module / Handout
  • ,Certificate
  • ,Souvenir
  • ,Training Kit

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